Characterization and Enhanced Production of Fungal Melanin from Aspergillus Species Isolated from Soil

Shalini Pandey; Richa Shahwal; Ashish Dadsena; Dr. Arunima Sur

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i04.24272

Characterization and Enhanced Production of Fungal Melanin from Aspergillus Species Isolated from Soil

Author(s)	Shalini Pandey, Richa Shahwal, Ashish Dadsena, Dr. Arunima Sur
Country	India
Abstract	This study aimed to isolate and identify fungi from soil samples, focusing on their ability to produce melanin. Eleven different genera of fungi were isolated and identified using lactophenol cotton blue staining and microscopic examination, referencing H.L. Barnett and Barry B. Hunter. Among these, only Aspergillus was found to produce melanin. Optimal melanin production conditions were determined to be a 1.5% tyrosine supplement in the growth medium, under shaking conditions (120 rpm) and dark incubation for three weeks, resulting in a yield of 21.08 mg/100 ml. Physiochemical characterization revealed that the extracted melanin was insoluble in organic solvents but soluble in alkaline solutions (NaOH, KOH), and partially soluble in DMSO. Spectrometric analysis using UV-Visible spectroscopy showed characteristic absorption peaks. FTIR indicated functional groups and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images displayed a granular and heterogeneous surface topology. The study also assessed the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources, and trace elements on melanin production. Maltose and sucrose were the most effective carbon sources, while peptone was the most effective nitrogen source. Among trace elements, calcium significantly enhanced melanin yield, while copper and zinc had moderate effects. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing fungal melanin production and its potential industrial applications. The study highlights the sustainable and scalable production of melanin from Aspergillus, contributing to the broader understanding of fungal metabolites and their commercial exploitation. Future research should focus on genetic and metabolic pathways to further enhance melanin biosynthesis and explore its diverse applications.
Keywords	Melanin, Aspergillus, soil fungi, FTIR, Optimization.
Field	Biology > Genetics / Molecular
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 4, July-August 2024
Published On	2024-07-06
Cite This	Characterization and Enhanced Production of Fungal Melanin from Aspergillus Species Isolated from Soil - Shalini Pandey, Richa Shahwal, Ashish Dadsena, Dr. Arunima Sur - IJFMR Volume 6, Issue 4, July-August 2024. DOI 10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i04.24272
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i04.24272
Short DOI	https://doi.org/gt3xk3

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Characterization and Enhanced Production of Fungal Melanin from Aspergillus Species Isolated from Soil

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