International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Physiological and Pathological Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Author(s) Haritha Chatla, Guddanti Hema, Gayathri Paturi, C.K.Gopavarapu, Raja Shekar Perusomula
Country India
Abstract Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) refers to the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, primarily affecting the left ventricle, and can occur due to both physiological and pathological causes. Physiological hypertrophy is an adaptive, reversible response to increased physical demand, as seen in athletes or pregnancy. It is characterized by proportional thickening of the ventricular walls, increased chamber size, and enhanced cardiac function, without fibrosis or myocyte disarray. This form of hypertrophy is beneficial and reversible when the increased workload is reduced, posing minimal health risks.In contrast, pathological hypertrophy arises due to genetic mutations or chronic conditions such as hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It often results in asymmetric thickening, particularly of the interventricular septum, and can lead to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Pathological hypertrophy is accompanied by fibrosis, myocyte disarray, and impaired diastolic function, which can progress to heart failure, arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death. Unlike physiological hypertrophy, pathological forms are typically irreversible and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The Physiological hypertrophy enhances cardiac performance and is reversible, pathological hypertrophy leads to adverse outcomes and requires medical intervention. Differentiating between these forms is particularly important in athletes and individuals with a family history of heart disease to prevent potential complications.
Keywords Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Mavacamten, Physiological hypertrophy, Pathological hypertrophy, Beta blockers, Endocarditis
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 1, January-February 2025
Published On 2025-01-26
Cite This Physiological and Pathological Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Haritha Chatla, Guddanti Hema, Gayathri Paturi, C.K.Gopavarapu, Raja Shekar Perusomula - IJFMR Volume 7, Issue 1, January-February 2025. DOI 10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i01.34963
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i01.34963
Short DOI https://doi.org/g829ss
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